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Contents

  Learning Objectives
1 Current Endodontic Treatment
    Introduction
    Use of Tapered, Rotary Instruments - Initiation of Changes in File Design
    Need for Early Enlargement of the Orifice Area
    The "Zip" and the "Elbow" and Their Significance in Curved Canal Preparation
    Introduction of Nickel-Titanium Instruments
    Other Excellent Files for Use in Curved Canals
    No-No's When Using NiTi Files
    Step-By-Step Use of .04 Files in Curved Canals
    Conclusion
2 Recent Studies of Canal Configuration
    Introduction
    Terminology for Canal Configuration Studies
    Early Studies on the MBR of Maxillary Molars
    Further Studies of the MBR
    Retreatment of Failing MBRs
    Names of the Canals in Maxillary Molars
    Studies of the Maxillary Second Molar
    Studies of the Mandibular Bicuspids
    Studies of the Mandibular First Molar
    Studies of the Mandibular Second Molar -A Tooth With Multiple Variations
    Studies of the Maxillary Bicuspids
    Studies of the Mandibular Incisors
    Studies of Teeth With Five or More Canals
    Role of Ethnicity in Configuration Studies
    Effect of Preparation Methods on Configuration Studies
    Future for Canal Configuration Studies
3 Endodontics of the Future
    Newer Types of Canal Filling Materials
    Use of Single-Appointment Treatment
    Conclusions
  References
  Legends
  Post Test