Orthodontics and Occlusion

Self-Study Examination

Instructions: After studying the text answer the following true/false or multiple choice questions.  Remember, there's only one answer to each question.

1. Optimal occlusion guarantees long-term stability, masticatory function, and a stable temporomandibular joint.

a) true
b) false

2. To obtain an aesthetic orthodontic result, all of Andrews’s six keys to occlusion must be obtained.

a) true
b) false

3. A full occlusal examination must include a record of _____________before orthodontic treatment.

a) patient’s habitual bite (centric occlusion or intercuspation position=ICP)
b) patient’s ideal jaw relationship (centric relation = CR or retruded contact position = RCP)
c) the discrepancy between CO and CR
d) anterior guidance (with or without posterior interferences)
e) all of the above

4. A “postured bite” does have an effect on treatment planning orthodontic cases.

a) true
b) false

5. A “postured bite” is a relatively common problem found in __________ occlusions:

a) Class II Div1 cases
b) Class II Div 2
c) Class 1
d) X-Bites and premature contacts
e) a and d

6. The orthodontic examination does not include examination of the TMJ and mandibular muscles.

a) true
b) false

7. How many elements comprise the examination of the articular system?

a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4

8. A comprehensive examination prior to orthodontics is divided into the following parts:

a) The jaw and facial examination will record the pattern of the skeletal bases and the facial symmetry, the condition of the TMJs and mandibular muscles, and the soft tissue characteristics.
b) The dental and occlusal examination will record the position of the teeth and their occlusal contacts.
c) speech evaluation
d) a and b
e) b and c

9. “Camouflage” when describing orthodontics outcomes utilizes which modalities of treatment to gain space in the dental arches?

a) extractions
b) arch expansion
c) orthognathic surgery
d) skeletal modifications with functional appliances
e) a and b

10. Facial appearance can be accurately predicted using camouflage techniques to correct for a skeletal discrepancy.

a) true
b) false

11. Orthodontists use growth modification in the __________ patient.

a) adult
b) child
c) a and b

12. Growth modification:

a) always works
b) may reduce the overall time that a child spends wearing fixed appliances
c) does not always work
d) b and c

13. Some research of “growth modification” of the dental arches with either remov- able or fixed appliances to alter the growth of the alveolus has suggested that most expansion is not stable and simply invites relapse in the occlusion.

a) true
b) false

14. Scientific evidence supports the opinion that orthodontic extractions are an etiological factor in TMD (temporomandibular disorders).

a) true
b) false

15. Orthodontic treatment causes TMD.

a) true
b) false

16. Orthodontic treatment in some instances may be used to treat TMD.

a) true
b) false

17. One of the goals of orthodontic treatment is to obtain optimal aesthetics. In order to provide optimal aesthetics it is necessary to:

a) provide a perfect or optimal occlusion
b) adhere to all six of Andrew’s keys to occlusion
c) never extract teeth
d) none of the above
e) all of the above

18. Extraction of teeth is needed as a part of many courses of orthodontic treatment. When carried out as part of a comprehensively planned course of orthodontic treatment, no damage is done to the facial profile or occlusion.

a) true
b) false

19. There is evidence in the literature that a treatment plan involving the extraction of teeth is more prone to relapse or predisposes the development of a TMD.

a) true
b) false

20. Pre-orthodontic evaluation of the patient should include:

a) teeth
b) periodontal tissue
c) articulatory system
d) a, b, and c

21. The conformative approach is a way of ensuring that the occlusion of a restoration does not have potentially harmful consequences.

a) true
b) false