Weight Management

Self-Study Examination

Instructions: After studying the text answer the following true/false or multiple choice questions.  Remember, there's only one answer to each question.

1. Select the True statement about BMI:

a) BMI measures body fat.
b) BMI is gender-specific; there are different calculations and tables for men and women.
c) BMI is an accurate indicator of overweight and obesity.
d) BMI can almost always predict for an individual when weight could lead to health problems.

2. Overweight is defined as a BMI of 25 or greater.

a) True
b) False

3. How many U.S. adults are obese?

a) one-third
b) one-half
c) two-thirds

4. About what percent of adults do no physical activity at all in their leisure time?

a) 10
b) 25
c) 33
d) 60

5. Select the True statement from below:

a) People who are overweight have a higher risk for developing gallbladder disease and gallstones.
b) Weight loss_especially fast weight loss (more than 3 pounds per week) or loss of a large amount of weight_can actually increase your chance of developing gallstones.
c) both of the above

6. For someone who is severely overweight and has medical problems, what type of weight-loss program would you recommend?

a) do-it-yourself program
b) non-clinical program
c) clinical program

7. For someone who is on a low-calorie diet, what is the recommended loss of weight per week?

a) no more than 1 lb.
b) about 2 lbs.
c) at least 3 lbs

8. The average woman 25 years of age and older should get ____ grams of protein each day, and the average man 25 years of age and older should get _____ grams of protein each day.

a) 25, 30
b) 40, 60
c) 50, 63
d) 65, 65

9. What percent of calories, on average, should come from fat per day?

a) 10
b) 30
c) 45

10. Your diet should include no more than _____ milligrams of cholesterol per day.

a) 100
b) 200
c) 300
d) 500

11. Which diet teaches you the food selection skills you need to keep your weight off?

a) Fixed-menu diet
b) Prepackaged-meal diet
c) Formula diet
d) Exchange-type diet
e) Questionable diet

12. Where do gallstones develop?

a) gallbladder
b) liver
c) pancreas
d) intestine

13. Select the risk factors for gallstones:

a) obesity
b) rapid weight loss
c) weight cycling
d) bariatric surgery
e) all of the above

14. Select the factors that would reduce your risk of developing gallstones:

a) diet high in fiber and calcium
b) lose weight gradually
c) avoid weight cycling
d) include some fat in your diet
e) all of the above

15. Are the benefits of weight loss greater than the risk of getting gallstones?

a) yes
b) no

16. Smoking cigarettes makes the body burn calories ______.

a) slower
b) faster

17. Which of the following activities are non-weight-bearing?

a) walking
b) dancing on your feet
c) bicycling
d) water workouts
e) c and d

18. What causes ketosis?

a) rapid weight gain or loss
b) prediabetes condition
c) restricting carbohydrates in your diet
d) very-low-calorie diet

19. Which of the following is a fact and not a myth?

a) Natural or herbal weight-loss products are safe and effective.
b) Low-fat or nonfat means no calories.
c) When trying to lose weight, you do not have to give up your favorite foods_as long as you pay attention to the total number of calories that you eat.
d) Eating after 8 p.m. causes weight gain.

20. Lifting weight is not good to do if you want to lose weight, because it will make you "bulk up."

a) True
b) False

21. Select the True statement about weight cycling from below:

a) A person who repeatedly loses and gains weight has more trouble trying to reach and maintain a healthy weight than a person attempting to lose weight for the first time.
b) Weight cycling negatively affects one's metabolic rate.
c) Weight cycling increases the amount of fat tissue in people who lose and regain weight.
d) Losing and gaining weight often has a negative psychological effect by letting the person "feel like a failure."

22. In the long-term VLCDs are no more effective than more modest dietary restrictions.

a) True
b) False

23. How does the drug orlistat work in the treatment of obesity?

a) decreases appetite
b) increases the feeling of being full
c) reduces the body's ability to absorb dietary fat

24. What is the primary known side effect of orlistat?

a) higher blood pressure
b) primary pulmonary hypertension
c) frequent bowel movements
d) sleeplessness

25. Most patients who stop taking weight-loss medications regain the weight they had lost.

a) True
b) False

26. Weight-loss medications work best for patients who are only mildly overweight.

a) True
b) False

27. Which form of surgery is more successful?

a) restrictive operation
b) malabsorptive operation

28. Which operation may cause "dumping syndrome?"

a) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RGB)
b) Bibliopancreatic diversion (BPD)
c) both

29. A person with a binge eating disorder generally eats what most people would think is an unusually large amount of food and purges, fasts, or does strenuous exercise after binge eating.

a) True
b) False

30. When is the treatment of overweight recommended?

a) Overweight should be treated at all times.
b) only when patients have two or more risk factors
c) when patients have a high waist circumference
d) b and c

31. A reasonable time line for a 10 percent reduction in body weight is ______ months of therapy.

a) 1
b) 3
c) 6
d) 12

32. Select the True statement from below:

a) An increase in physical activity alone does not lead to substantial weight loss.
b) Most weight loss occurs because of decreased caloric intake.
c) Sustained physical activity is most helpful in the prevention of weight regain.
d) all of the above

33. Weight gain that accompanies smoking cessation is amenable to treatment by dietary, behavioral, or physical activity interventions.

a) True
b) False

34. Weight gained with smoking cessation is less likely to produce negative health consequences than would continued smoking.

a) True
b) False

35. Which of the following methods to assess body fat is most accurate?

a) total body water
b) total body potassium
c) bioelectrical impedance
d) no one method is better than any other

36. Which is the recommended technique for assessing abdominal fat content?

a) measuring waist circumference
b) waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)
c) magnetic resonance imaging
d) computed tomography

37. Studies with identical twins reared apart suggest that the genetic contribution to BMI is as high as 70 percent.

a) True
b) False

38. Which component of weight loss therapy should be tried last?

a) dietary therapy
b) behavior therapy
c) pharmacotherapy
d) combination of dietary and behavior therapies

39. Evidence suggests that over ______ percent of persons who lose weight will gradually regain it.

a) 20
b) 50
c) 80
d) 99

40. How many average number of episodes of apnea and hypopnea per hour (AHI) would meet the definition of sleep apnea syndrome?

a) 3
b) 5
c) 10
d) 20

41. Sleep apnea is more prevalent in

a) males.
b) females.

42. Does the treatment of obesity ameliorate obstructive apnea?

a) yes
b) no

43. Weight loss through physical activity alone generally produces an average of ______ percent decrease in body weight.

a) 2-3
b) 10
c) 18

44. A weight loss and maintenance program can be conducted by a practitioner without specialization in weight loss so long as that the person has requisite interest and knowledge.

a) True
b) False

45. The Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and the Dietary Guidelines apply to diets consumed over several days and not to single meals or foods.

a) True
b) False

46. Most of the daily servings of food should come from the food groups that are at the _______ of the Food Guide pyramid.

a) apex
b) base

47. From which food group should most of your daily servings of food from?

a) meat and beans
b) milk
c) fruit
d) vegetable
e) grain products

48. Vitamin B12 can be obtained from only one of the following foods:

a) oranges
b) rice
c) cheese
d) broccoli

49. Fiber is found only in plant foods like whole-grain breads and cereals, beans and peas, and other vegetables and fruits.

a) True
b) False

50. Which of the following is a less desired source of potassium?

a) milk
b) yogurt
c) cheese

51. Which of the following has relatively small amount of saturated fats?

a) meat
b) milk
c) milk products
d) vegetable oils

52. Which of the following is not a True statement concerning sugars?

a) The body cannot tell the difference between naturally occurring and added sugars because they are identical chemically.
b) Diets high in sugars are responsible for hyperactivity and diabetes.
c) Frequent eating of foods high in sugars and starches as between-meal snacks may be more harmful to your teeth than eating them at meals and then brushing.
d) Avoiding sugars alone will not correct overweight.

53. With respect to salt and sodium, which of the following is not a True statement?

a) Most sodium and salt we eat come mainly from processed and prepared foods.
b) Most Americans consume more sodium than is needed.
c) Blood pressure increases with weight and decreases when weight is reduced.
d) Fresh fruits and vegetables have very little sodium.
e) The link between high sodium intake and higher blood pressure is only tenuous.

54. Excess fat in the ______ is a greater health risk than excess fat in the _______ .

a) abdomen, hips and thighs
b) hips and thighs, abdomen

55. An inactive man needs about ______ calories per day.

a) 1600
b) 2200
c) 2800
d) 3500

56. A portion could be the same as a serving, or it could be greater or smaller than a serving.

a) True
b) False

57. The serving sizes listed on the Nutrition Facts label are not necessarily the same as Food Guide Pyramid serving sizes.

a) True
b) False

58. Nutrition Action Healthletter rates several diet books. Which book does it consider backed by solid scientific evidence?

a) Dr Phil McGraw's The Ultimate Weight Solution
b) The South Beach Diet by Arthur Agatston
c) Dr. Atkin's New Diet Revolution
d) Eat Right 4 Your Type

59. Patients who are obese are _____ likely to receive certain preventive care services, such as pelvic examinations, pap smears, and physician breast examinations.

a) more
b) less

60. There are many reasons why obese patients are less willing to seek medical care. Which of the following is not such a reason?

a) disparaging remarks by physicians and/or medical staff
b) patients' self-consciousness about their obesity
c) concerns about having gained weight or not having lost weight since a previous visit
d) obese patients generally lack health insurance

61. In the morbidly obese individuals, does the successful weight loss surgery reverse the significantly increased risk of mortality?

a) yes
b) no

62. Which of the following is not a True statement?

a) A vast majority of morbidly obese individuals report being treated disrespectfully by the medical profession.
b) The obese often consider their condition as a greater handicap than deafness, dyslexia or blindness.
c) Body weight is not a physiologically regulated variable, but rather determined by acquired food habits and conscious and unconscious desires.
d) There are widespread negative attitudes that the morbidly obese adult is weak-willed, ugly, awkward, self-indulgent and immoral.

63. Generally speaking, risks of surgical treatment of obesity are relatively low.

a) True
b) False

64. All patients wishing to undergo bariatric surgery should be required to obtain psychiatric evaluation and counseling before surgery

a) True
b) False

65. How important is psychological testing prior to bariatric surgery?

a) very important
b) of limited value

66. Which of the following measures the amount of body weight that is fat and nonfat?

a) body mass index (BMI)
b) full-panel blood lipid test
c) bioelectrical impedance analysis
d) waist circumference

67. Which has the highest number of calories per gram?

a) carbohydrates
b) proteins
c) alcohol
d) fat

68. What type of fact increases blood cholesterol?

a) saturated fat
b) unsaturated fat

69. What type of fat is liquid at room temperature?

a) saturated fat
b) unsaturated fat

70. While setting a goal for weight loss, what would be the correct way to state your goal?

a) Ill lose 50 pounds in 6 months.
b) I'll eat judiciously and exercise regularly."

71. According to the latest research walking briskly 15 minutes each day is enough to compensate for the extra 100 calories we're eating.

a) True
b) False

72. Which of the following weight-loss products has been banned by the FDA?

a) herbal fen-phen
b) St.John's wort
c) pyruvate
d) ephedrine

73. Carbohydrates cause weight gain.

a) True
b) False

74. How many calories do you need to burn to lose one pound of fat?

a) 500
b) 1500
c) 2500
d) 3500

75. You're always more likely to lose weight if you eat low-fat foods.

a) True
b) False

76. A serving size is:

a) The amount of food on your plate
b) A specific amount of food measured in cups, ounces or pieces
c) The amount of food found in one package
d) All of the above

77. About how many calories are burned riding a bicycle for 30 minutes?

a) 110
b) 270
c) 340
d) 520

78. All herbal weight-loss supplements are safe and effective because they're natural.

a) True
b) False

79. Which of the following foods burn fat and help you lose weight?

a) Grapefruit
b) Cabbage soup
c) Celery
d) All of the above
e) None of the above

80. A successful weight-loss program includes:

a) Adequate nutrition
b) Reasonable weight-change goals
c) Your doctor's involvement
d) Lifestyle changes
e) All of the above

81. You could be a candidate for weight-loss surgery if you:

a) Don't want to exercise or limit the number of calories you eat
b) Have a body mass index (BMI) greater than 40
c) Are 50 pounds overweight
d) All of the above