Sleeping Disorders
Self-Study Examination
Instructions: After studying the text answer the following true/false or multiple choice questions. Remember, there's only one answer to each question.
a) True b) False
a) stage 1 b) stage 2 c) stage 3 d) stage 4 e) REM
a) 5 to 10 minutes b) 60 minutes c) 90 to 110 minutes d) 6 to 8 hours
a) hypothalamus b) pineal gland c) retina d) cerebral cortex
a) They all occurred in the U.S. b) They were caused by workers while under the influence of alcohol. c) They were partly the result of errors made by fatigued night-shift workers. d) They all resulted in a great loss of life.
a) the day b) night and early morning hours c) sleep-deprived periods
a) lose weight b) prevent the person from sleeping on his or her back c) surgery to correct the obstruction d) take sedatives or sleeping pills
a) RLS, or restless legs syndrome, is more common than PLMD. b) In RLS, the leg movements occur continually when the body is at rest. The movements of PLMD occur in sleep. c) both of the above d) none of the above
a) open the car window b) turn the radio up c) drink strong coffee d) pull over and get some sleep
a) z b) insomnia associated with medication and substance use; c) insomnia associated with specific sleep disorders; d) insomnia after all of the above conditions are ruled out.
a) 5 percent b) 10 to 15 percent c) 30 to 40 percent d) over half the population
a) delayed sleep phase syndrome b) advanced sleep phase syndrome c) shift worker
a) caffeine no later than 4 to 6 hours before bedtime b) no more than 2 drinks prior to going to bed c) regular exercise in the late afternoon d) avoiding any meals within 4 hours of sleep
a) Poor sleepers should be encouraged to increase their time in bed to provide more opportunity for sleep. b) Avoid getting out of bed and going into another room when unable to fall asleep. c) Maintain a regular rise time in the morning regardless of sleep duration the previous night. d) Go to bed at a set hour whether sleepy or not.
a) herbal preparation (e.g., valerian root, herbal teas) b) melatonin c) antihistamines d) sedating antidepressants e) benzodiazepines
a) patients with psychiatric disorders b) patients with a history of substance abuse c) patients with major depression d) nondepressed individuals
a) aggravates b) eliminates
a) one hour prior to going to bed b) at midnight c) around 4 to 5 a.m. d) upon awakening
a) Melatonin is a drug approved by the FDA and requires a physician's prescription to purchase. b) Melatonin is a dietary supplement. c) Few studies have been done on melatonin's safety, side effects, interactions with drugs and long-term effects. d) Melatonin is a natural hormone made by body's pineal gland. e) all but a
a) in the early morning b) in the evening c) before going to sleep d) at midnight
a) sleep hygiene b) sleep restriction c) stimulus control d) paradoxical intention
a) over diagnosis of insomnia b) lack of insurance reimbursement c) time intensive nature of psychosocial interventions d) paucity of qualified and trained practitioners
a) on the job b) on the way to work c) on the commute home
a) education on the importance of adequate sleep for optimal functioning and well-being; b) daily classes should begin later for adolescents; c) melatonin; d) regulate sleep patterns using behavioral methods.
a) obstructive sleep apnea b) insomnia c) restless legs syndrome d) narcolepsy
a) patient history b) polysomnography c) laboratory tests d) asking the bed partner
a) planning to get sufficient sleep; b) not drinking even small amounts of alcohol when sleepy; c) limiting driving between midnight and 6 a.m. d) opening a car window
a) training b) occupation c) education d) motivation e) none of the above
a) physical exercise b) sleep c) dietary stimulants d) all of the above
a) Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) b) Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index c) Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS) d) Sleep-Wake Activity Inventory
a) Crash occurs during late-night hours. b) Fall-asleep crashes are likely to be serious. c) The driver does not attempt to avoid crashing. d) There are other passengers in the car.
a) young males b) young females c) shift workers d) people with untreated sleep apnea syndrome and narcolepsy
a) sleep apnea syndrome b) narcolepsy
a) short nap b) consuming caffeine c) getting out of the car and walking around for a few minutes d) nicotine, smoking tobacco e) sitting in an uncomfortable seat
a) brain wave monitors b) eye-closure monitors c) devices that detect steering variance d) tracking devices that detect lane drift e) shoulder rumble strips
a) excessive daytime sleepiness b) clenching of the teeth c) cataplexy d) sleep paralysis e) hypnagogic hallucinations
a) In people with narcolepsy REM sleep phase is entirely absent. b) In people with narcolepsy NREM sleep phase is absent. c) REM sleep occurs at sleep onset instead of after a period of NREM sleep. d) In narcoleptic persons NREM and REM sleep phases are intertwined.
a) polysomnogram b) multiple sleep latency test c) all of the above
a) After a successful treatment with medications, most people can lead a life free of narcolepsy. b) There is strong evidence that narcolepsy may run in families. c) Narcolepsy can be cured if it is diagnosed early and treated properly. d) Primary treatment of narcolepsy involves lifestyle changes.
a) RLS is usually more common in young people than older people. b) RLS is more prevalent in boys than girls. c) RLS is known to run in some families-parents may pass the condition on to their children. d) Some women after a difficult pregnancy will acquire the RLS condition and it only gets worse later.
a) benzodiazepines b) dopaminergic agents c) opioids d) all of the above
a) obstructive b) central c) mixed
a) Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) b) Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) c) Respiratory disturbance index (RDI) d) all but a
a) family history of sleep apnea b) False c) African-Americans, Mexicans d) smoking and alcohol e) having a narrow neck
a) facial hair-beard or moustache b) being overweight c) size of the mask d) all of the above
a) tracheotomy b) lingualplasty c) UPPP d) RFTA
a) UPPP b) LAUP c) MMO or MMA d) tracheotomy
a) family physicians. b) otolaryngolosits. c) pulmonologists. d) brain surgeons.
a) Everyone who snores has sleep apnea. b) Everyone who has untreated sleep apnea snores. c) Snoring is a common symptom of sleep apnea. d) Eliminating the snoring eliminates the apnea.
a) nose b) mouth
a) nasal CPAP b) oral/dental devices c) surgical procedures (UPPP, nasal surgery, etc.)
a) Cardiorespiratory monitoring of all infants should be recommended to parents to help prevent death due to apnea. b) All preterm infants, even though asymptomatic, should be routinely monitored. c) infants with one or more severe ALTE's requiring mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, symptomatic preterm infants, siblings of two or more SIDS victims, and central hypoventilation. d) Cardiorespiratory monitoring is not medically indicated for normal infants. e) c and d
a) 1 b) 2.5 c) 5 d) 7
a) young children b) people whose normal lives involve varied routines c) people with a rigid daily routine d) those flying north-south
a) get plenty of rest and exercise in the days prior to departure b) drink plenty of nonalcoholic fluids on the flight c) use sleeping pills to get as much sleep on the plane as possible d) move about on the plane
a) loss of effective circadian regulation of sleep b) variety of medical and psychosocial problems