2. Numbers

Numeros - Numbers From 0 to 99

1. One is un before a masculine noun, una before a feminine noun: un libro,una casa. The Spanish words for 21, 31, 41, etc., also obey this rule:

veinte y un (veintiún) cuadernos	cuarenta y un hombres
veinte y una (veintiuna) plumas	sesenta y una mujeres

2. The numbers 16 to 19 and 21 to 29 may be written as three words or as one word:

diez y siete	veinte y nueve
or páginas	or chicos
diecisiete	veintinueve

Remember that the following words take accent marks: dieciséis, veintiún, veintidós, veintitrés, veintiséis.

3. Except for 1, 21, 31, etc., Spanish number-words do not change in gender: cuatrocasas, cincuenta hombres, etc.

Exercise: Write the Spanish words for the numbers in parentheses. Where two blanks are given, write the number in two ways. (Be careful to notice the gender of nouns preceded by 1, 21, 31, etc.)

1. (19) _____________________________________casas
           _____________________________________
2. (61) _____________________________________hombres
3. (11) _____________________________________personas
4. (35) _____________________________________alumnos
5. (1)    ____________________________________chico
6. (12) _____________________________________ flores
7. (91) _____________________________________ estrellas
8. (15) _____________________________________ museos
9. (14) _____________________________________ parques
10. (42) _____________________________________ programas
11. (21) _____________________________________días
            _____________________________________
12. (9)   _____________________________________ lenguas
13. (86) _____________________________________ países
14. (1)   _____________________________________padre
15. (75) _____________________________________ mercados
16. (17) _____________________________________ años
             _____________________________________
17. (23) _____________________________________ manzanas
            _____________________________________
18. (10) _____________________________________ profesores
19. (13) _____________________________________ escuelas
20. (1)    _____________________________________ niña

Numbers From 100 to 1999

100	cien, ciento
103	ciento tres
156	ciento cincuenta y seis
200	doscientos, doscientas
201	doscientos uno
300	trescientos, trescientas
398	trescientos noventa y ocho
400	cuatrocientos, cuatrocientas
426	cuatrocientos veinte y seis
1000	mil
1009	mil nueve
1034	mil treinta y cuatro
1114	mil ciento catorce
1575	mil quinientos setenta y cinco
1976	mil novecientos setenta y seis
500	quinientos, quinientas
600	seiscientos,seiscientas
700	setecientos, setecientas
800	ochocientos, ochocientas
900	novecientos, novecientas

Cien, Ciento

cien vasos	100 glasses
cien sillas	100 chairs
ciento un muchachos	101 boys
ciento una muchachas	101 girls
ciento cuarenta y siete dólares	147 dollars

4. Exactly 100 of anything is expressed by cien:

Cuántos(-as) tiene Ud.?	“How many do you have?”
Tengo cien.	“I have 100 (of them).”

5. In numbers 101 to 199, ciento is used.
6. 101 followed by a masculine noun is ciento un; 101 followed by a feminine noun is ciento una. The form ciento uno is used only in counting or when referring to a masculine noun that is understood but not expressed:

Cuántos libros tiene Ud.?	“How many books do you have?”
Tengo ciento uno.	“I have 101 (of them).”

–cientos, –cientas

trescientos hombres	300 men
trescientas mujeres	300 women
mil novecientos once edificios	1911 buildings
mil novecientas once páginas	1911 pages
mil quinientos un chicos	1501 boys
mil quinientas una chicas	1501 girls

7. The numbers 200 to 900 end in -os if followed by a masculine noun, and in -as if followed by a feminine noun. Note that this gender agreement occurs even when other number-words come between the hundreds and the noun:

trescientas cuarenta y cinco casas

8. The conjunction y (and) occurs only between the tens and units digits:

cuarenta y cinco but:	45
tres mil siete	3007

Exercise: Before each noun, write the Spanish words for the number in parentheses.

1. (113) _____________________________________ libros
2. (121) _____________________________________ días
3. (257) _____________________________________ años
4. (314) _____________________________________ palabras
5. (501) _____________________________________ alumnos
6. (836) _____________________________________ automóviles
7. (100) _____________________________________ personas
8. (1018) _____________________________________ cajas
9. (1751) _____________________________________ casas
10. (1999) _____________________________________ platos

Arithmetical Expressions

¿Cuántos son tres y ocho?	How much is 3 + 8? (How much are 3 and 8?)
Tres y ocho son once.	3 + 8 = 11
Diez menos cuatro son seis.	10 - 4 = 6
Siete por cuatro son veinte y ocho.	7 x 4 = 28

9. In Spanish, plus (+) is y, minus (-) is menos, times (x) is por and equals (=) is son.
   Equals is es if the number is one or less.

Exercise: Write the following operations in Spanish words.

Example: 19 - 13 = 6.Diez y nueve menos trece son seis.

1. 5 x 6 = 30. _____________________________________
2. 25 - 23 = 2. _____________________________________
3. 14 + 37 = 51. _____________________________________
4. 4 x 5 = 20. _____________________________________
5. 46 + 17 = 63. _________________________________