| 1. | Define the goal of critical incident monitoring. |
| 2. | Define a “near miss.” |
| 3. | Compare incident reporting systems with chart reviews and risk management in relation to preventable events. |
| 4. | Describe the purpose of a root cause analysis according to the JCAHO mandate of 1997. |
| 5. | Describe the template in the form of a tree or ”Ishikawa.” |
| 6. | List the limitations of root cause analysis. |
| 7. | Describe the functions of CDSSs. |
| 8. | State the incident rates of ADEs per 100 admissions. |
| 9. | Define a non- preventable ADE (adverse drug event). |
| 10. | Define corollary. |
| 11. | State the drug classification most commonly associated with preventable ADEs. |
| 12. | State which group of hospitalized patients benefit most from clinical pharmacists in reducing ADEs. |
| 13. | Describe a computerized ADE monitor. |
| 14. | List the economic consequences of injuries due to drugs. |
| 15. | List several “high risk” medications. |
| 16. | State the primary intention of a heparin nomogram. |
| 17. | List 2 reasons unit-dose dispensing of medications was developed. |
| 18. | Describe the shift of unit-dosing from the nursing ward to the pharmacy. |
| 19. | Describe the McLaughlin dispensing system. |
| 20. | State a common complaint by nurses about a Pyxis Medstation. |
| 21. | Define hand disinfection. |
| 22. | State what percent of hospitalized patients contract a nosocomial infection. |
| 23. | List one of the main reasons for poor handwashing compliance. |
| 24. | State the length of time in seconds that is recommended for adequate hand hygiene. |
| 25. | State the estimated cost per episode of each nosocomial infection. |
| 26. | List several statistics regarding cost and acquisition rate for hospitalized patients. |
| 27. | Describe the psychological effect of contact precaution on the isolated patient. |
| 28. | State the estimated cost associated with c. difficile in the hospitalized patient. |
| 29. | State the most common nosocomial infections. |
| 30. | State the percent of urinary tract infection that make up nosocomial infections. |
| 31. | Describe the use of silver in urethral catheters. |
| 32. | List the two antibiotics used for antimicrobial impregnated catheters. |
| 33. | Define catheter colonization. |
| 34. | List the three common organisms causing catheter-related infections. |
| 35. | List the maximum sterile barrier precautions. |
| 36. | State the most common skin prep agent used prior to insertion of a central venous catheter. |
| 37. | Define ventilator-associated pneumonia. |
| 38. | Define continuous oscillation and how it is tolerated by conscious patients. |
| 39. | State the goal of selective digestive tract decontamination. |
| 40. | List several potential pitfalls of localizing care to high-volume settings. |
| 41. | Describe the two general categories of complications from minimal access procedures. |
| 42. | State the percent of injuries predicted to occur during a surgeon’s first 30 cases. |
| 43. | Define a surgical site infection. |
| 44. | Define antimicrobial prophylaxis and its purpose. |
| 45. | List the consequences of intraoperative hypothermia. |
| 46. | List complications of central venous catheterization after placement. |
| 47. | State the greatest benefit of ultrasound guidance. |
| 48. | State the number of sponge, sharp, and instrument counts recommended and describe each. |
| 49. | State the surgery where most retained sponges are found. |
| 50. | Describe the “checkout list” as stated in 1987 by the FDA. |
| 51. | State why a generalized checklist would be difficult or impossible. |
| 52. | List examples of invasive monitors. |
| 53. | Define capnography. |
| 54. | State the most common medical complication of surgery. |
| 55. | List the benefits of beta-blockade for elderly patients. |
| 56. | List the strongest predictor of future falls. |
| 57. | List the problems of wearing an external hip protector. |
| 58. | List two tools that are widely used to identify at-risk patients. |
| 59. | State the measures required with the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987. |
| 60. | State the cost of treating a pressure ulcer. |
| 61. | Define delirium. |
| 62. | List general strategies to prevent delirium. |
| 63. | List the members of a consultation team provided by published studies and common features. |
| 64. | List the functions of a multidisciplinary team in a GEM unit. |
| 65. | Describe a GEM unit. |
| 66. | Define “clinically silent.” |
| 67. | State the “gold standard” for diagnosis of DVT. |
| 68. | List the reasons DVT prophylaxis is under used. |
| 69. | List the major risk factors for radiocontrast-induced nephropathy. |
| 70. | State the percent of hospitalized patients who are malnourished. |
| 71. | State a complication associated with TPN. |
| 72. | List the three risks of stress ulceration and GI bleeding. |
| 73. | Describe teleradiology. |
| 74. | Describe the high-risk patient. |
| 75. | State the most effective delivery method for inpatient settings. |
| 76. | State the function of acute pain services post-operatively. |
| 77. | List the most common side effects of patient-controlled analgesia with opioids. |
| 78. | Describe a closed ICU model. |
| 79. | State what part of a nurse’s job is the largest. |
| 80. | Describe how increasing the percentage of RNs in the skill mix has decreased risk-adjusted mortality. |
| 81. | Define the term High Reliability Organization. |
| 82. | Describe the safety climate. |
| 83. | Define ergonomics. |
| 84. | Describe the experiment of recognizing six alarms at one time. |
| 85. | Define sign-out. |
| 86. | State the two most common reasons reported by physicians for not notifying patients of abnormal results. |
| 87. | State the oldest and most common machine-readable ID system. |
| 88. | List several common factors in wrong-site surgery. |
| 89. | List the three primary components of effective crew management. |
| 90. | Describe the MedTeams behavior-based teamwork system. |
| 91. | List four advantages of simulation. |
| 92. | State two potential risks to simulation-based training. |
| 93. | Define “sleep debt.” |
| 94. | Describe how shift rotation impacts worker fatigue. |
| 95. | Define “sleep inertia.” |
| 96. | Describe intrahospital and interhospital transports. |
| 97. | State the mortality rate during interhospital and intrahospital transport. |
| 98. | Define informed consent. |
| 99. | State the grade level at which hospital forms are written, according to Hopper et al. |
| 100. | Define advance directive, living will, and durable power of attorney for health care. |
| 101. | State why advance directives often do not change end-of-life interventions. |
| 102. | Describe the five-page “Patient Fact Sheet.” |
| 103. | Define “practice guidelines.” |
| 104. | Define Critical Pathways. |
| 105. | Define a “clinical decision support system.” |
| 106. | List three techniques used to modify behavior of physicians. |
| 107. | List the purpose of survey results used by JCAHO. |