- Define osteoporosis
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Describe the prevalence and symptoms of osteoporosis.
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List at least 10 risk factors for osteoporosis.
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List 4 measures that may help prevent osteoporosis.
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List 8 facts related to osteoporosis-induced fractures.
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List 4 treatments and care measures for osteoporosis.
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Discuss four commons myths about osteoporosis.
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Describe the importance of bone mass measurement in diagnosing osteoporosis.
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List 6 types of equipment used to measure bone mass.
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10. Distinguish between bone mass measurement and bone scan.
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11. Explain how blood and urine laboratory tests can help determine the bone turnover.
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12. List 5 risk factors that have been linked to osteoporosis in men.
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13. List 5 measures that a man should take to prevent osteoporosis.
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14. Explain the importance of strong bones to kids.
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15. List recommended calcium intakes for infants, children, women (premenopausal and postmeno- pausal) and men.
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16. Identify several calcium-rich foods, their serving sizes and their calcium and calories content.
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17. Define menopause.
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18. List 8 responses to estrogen loss that one can feel and 2 responses that one cannot feel.
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19. Explain the process of osteoporosis disease.
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20. List at least 8 steps a woman can take to prevent osteoporosis.
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21. Explain how ERT/ HRT can help prevent osteoporosis and identify their risks and benefits.
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22. List recommended calcium intake for children, women and men.
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23. Discuss how osteoporosis can strike even women in premenopausal age.
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24. Define amenorrhea and its effect on osteoporosis.
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25. Describe how estrogen helps a woman attain peak bone mass.
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26. Describe the effect of drugs, calcium intake, smoking and physical exercise on bone mass.
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27. List 6 osteoporosis prevention and treatment strategies for menopausal women.
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28. List 10 forms of glucocorticoids that are available in commonly prescribed medicines.
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29. Describe how glucocorticoids often lead to osteoporosis.
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30. List 10 diseases that are often treated with glucocorticoid medications.
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31. Identify 8 other drugs that can cause osteoporosis.
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32. Discuss 7 tips to minimize the harmful effects of steroids and other medications.
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33. Describe and distinguish between the causes, symptoms and treatment of osteoporosis and two forms of arthritis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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34. List at least 5 essential facts about each–osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
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35. Define hip fracture.
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36. Describe the process of recovery and rehabilitation from hip fracture.
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37. List at least 6 safety tips to avoid hip fractures.
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38. Define wrist fracture and its incidence in men and women.
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39. Define simple and complex fractures.
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40. Describe the treatment and rehabilitation process for a wrist fracture.
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41. Describe 4 measures that can be taken to prevent future fractures.
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42. Discuss the recovery process from a vertebral fracture.
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43. Define kyphosis and describe the treatment to minimize the curvature.
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44. Describe the lifestyle changes that may be necessary following a vertebral fracture.
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45. Identify 3 sections of vertebrae.
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46. Explain the usefulness of orthotic devices.
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47. List 4 basic designs for thoracolumbar support and their benefits and applications.
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48. Describe Paget’s disease of bone and list its 5 symptoms.
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49. Explain how the diagnosis of Paget’s disease is established.
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50. Explain the relationship between Paget’s disease and arthritis, osteoporosis, heart disease, diabetes, kdiney disorder and nervous system disorder.
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51. Identify 4 complications of Paget’s disease.
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52. Identify 2 classes of drugs used for treating Paget’s diesase and list at least 5 specific drugs.
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53. Identify 3 situations in which surgery is recommended for Paget’s disease.
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54. Define chronic pain.
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55. Discuss with a patient physical, psychological and pharmaceutical methods of pain management.
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56. List 6 physical methods of pain management.
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57. List 5 psychological methods of pain management.
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58. List 7 pharmaceutical methods of pain management.
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59. List 3 suggestions for using exercise equipment.
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60. Describe at least 4 weightbearing exercise machines and their pros and cons in strengthening bones.
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61. Describe 5 strategies that an older person can adopt to prevent falls.
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62. List at least 5 outdoor safety tips.
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63. List at least 13 indoor safety tips for fall prevention.
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64. List at least 6 ways of finding a doctor to treat osteoporosis.
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65. Identify 8 medical specialists who treat osteoporosis.
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66. Describe various federal health programs that help older Americans obtain health care and medical services, such as Medicare, Medicaid, Supplemental Security Income (SSI), QMB and SLMB, HMOs and Medigap insurance.
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67. Explain following terms: deductibles, co-insurance, Medicare intermediaries and carriers, and prescription coverage.
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