National Diabetes Statistics
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- Classify various types of diabetes and their prevalence in the general population.
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Describe the prevalence of diabetes among people under 20 years of age, among people 20 years or older, and in various ethnic population groups.
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Identify various complications of diabetes and cite mortality figures from the complications.
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Diabetes in African Americans
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Cite statistics illustrating the magnitude of diabetes among African Americans.
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Discuss genetics and medical and lifestyle risk factors that increase the chance of developing type 2 diabetes among African Americans.
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Describe how diabetes complications affect African Americans.
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Diabetes in Hispanic Americans
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Discuss various epidemiology studies about diabetes in Hispanic Americans.
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Diabetes in Asian and Pacific Islander Americans
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Discuss lifestyle and medical risk factors for diabetes in Asian and Pacific Islander Americans.
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Diabetes Diagnosis
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Describe the new nomenclature and the criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes.
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10. Discuss with the patient how a diagnosis of diabetes is made.
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11. Identify 7 risk factors for diabetes.
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About Pre-Diabetes
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12. Define and answer prediabetes questions, such as the need for testing.
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Am I at Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
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13. Discuss the results of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) study in preventing or delaying the development of type 2 diabetes.
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14. List 7 signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes.
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15. Provide an overview of the three main kinds of diabetes–type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes.
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16. Identify 7 factors that increase a person’s risk for type 2 diabetes.
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17. Advise a patient on the steps he or she can take to reduce the risk of getting diabetes.
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Hypoglycemia
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18. Describe how the body controls glucose and list various symptoms of hypoglycemia.
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19. Describe certain rare causes of hypoglycemia.
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20. Describe the pancreatic islet transplantation and explain the benefits and risks of transplantation.
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What I Need to Know About Eating and Diabetes
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21. Teach a patient about the importance of eating to control diabetes.
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22. Explain the food pyramid and prescribe proper servings of starches, vegetables, fruit, milk and yogurt, meat, and fats and sweets.
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23. Help a diabetic patient with his or her meal plan.
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Kidney Disease of Diabetes
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24. Describe the course of kidney disease through five stages.
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25. Advise a patient in ways of preventing and slowing kidney disease.
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Prevent Diabetes Problem: Keep Your Kidneys Healthy
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26. Teach a patient about kidney problems caused by diabetes.
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End-Stage Renal Disease: Choosing a Treatment That's Right For You
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27. Explain to a patient three treatment choices when kidneys fail.
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28. Advise a patient who is on hemodialysis about proper diet.
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29. Describe for a patient hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis and their relative advantages and disadvantages.
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30. Describe kidney transplantation as a treatment of choice for ESRD.
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Diabetic Neuropathies: The Nerve Damage of Diabetes
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31. Describe the causes, symptoms and types of diabetic neuropathy.
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32. Describe how autonomic neuropathy affects the nerves in lungs, heart, stomach, intestines, bladder, and sex organs.
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33. Explain to a patient various tests that are done to diagnose neuropathy.
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Gastroparesis and Diabetes
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34. Describe gastroparesis, its symptoms, complications and treatment.
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Impotence
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35. Define impotence and explain what causes impotence.
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36. Explain how an erection occurs.
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37. Describe the treatment for impotence, including psychotherapy, drug therapy, and surgery.
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Keep Your Heart and Blood Vessels Healthy
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38. Teach a diabetic patient about keeping his heart and blood vessels healthy.
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Keep Your Diabetes Under Control
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39. Discuss with a patient the importance of keeping the hemoglobin A1c number under control.
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Guiding Principles for Diabetes Care
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40. Enunciate 7 principles of quality diabetes treatment.
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Medicine For People With Diabetes
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41. Explain to a patient why he or she needs to take medicines for diabetes.
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42. List various types of diabetic pills that help lower blood glucose and identify their mode of action.
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43. Teach a patient how to recognize symptoms of hypoglycemia and what to do if the blood glucose is low.
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Alternative Therapies for Diabetes
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44. Discuss various alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, biofeedback, chromium, magnesium and vanadium for the treatment of diabetes.
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Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT)
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45. Discuss the findings of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT).
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The Prevention or Delay of Type 2 Diabetes
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46. Discuss various clinical studies initiated to determine the feasibility and benefit of various strategies to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes.
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47. On the basis of these clinical studies, identify potential candidates for screening and intervention, compare lifestyle modification with pharmacological interventions, and evaluate various strategies to prevent diabetes.
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diet and Exercise Delay Diabetes
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48. Describe the results of the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) trial and compare the relative benefits of lifestyle modification, treatment with metformin and standard medical advice.
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Diabetes Prevention Program: Questions & Answers
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49. Answer specific questions posed by a patient about diabetes: its prevalence, diagnosis, prevention, importance of diet and exercise.
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Understanding Gestational Diabetes: A Practical Guide to Healthy Pregnancy
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50. Describe the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes.
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51. List factors indicative of women who might develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy.
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52. Explain the 50-gram and 3-hour glucose tests for tolerance gestational diabetes.
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53. Explain how gestational diabetes affects pregnancy and how it may affect the baby.
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54. Answer the question often asked by pregnant women: How much weight should I gain?
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55. Provide guidance to a pregnant woman about the optimal intake of six food groups during pregnancy.
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56. Describe various tests done to assess the condition of the fetus before birth.
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57. Advise a pregnant woman about the importance of diet and exercise to control her blood sugars.
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Consequences of Alcohol Use in Diabetes
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58. Explain the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus.
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59. Describe the blood glucose regulation by insulin in healthy people and in people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.
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60. Describe the effects of alcohol consumption on blood sugar levels of diabetics.
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61. Contrast the effects of alcohol consumption in the fed and fasting states of diabetics.
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62. Describe the alcohol’s effects on complications of diabetes, such as diabetic ketoacidosis, lipid metabolism, cardiovascular disease, peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy.
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